This article will show the simple steps of installing the latest version of Ubuntu – Ubuntu Desktop 24.04 LTS on the entire second disk in the system. This is the simplest set up with two operation system with dual boot – one Windows 10 and one the new Ubuntu 24.04. There are two separate disks one NVME and one hard disk device in the system are installed, and the the entire sda disk will be used for the installation of Ubuntu Desktop 24.04 LTS. All disk information in sda disk device will be permanently deleted by the installation wizard! Review of Ubuntu Desktop 24.04 LTS with 100+ screenshots – coming soon. Ubuntu Desktop 24.04 LTS offers the following software:
Xorg X server – 1.21.1.11
GNOME (the GUI) – 46.0
linux kernel – 6.8.0
linux-firmware – 20240318.git3b128b60
QT – 5.15.13 and 6.4.2
libc – 2.39
gnu gcc – 9.5.0, 10.5.0, 11.4.0, 12.3.0, 13.2.0 and 14-20240412
coreutils – 9.4
python3 (default) – 3.12.3
perl – 5.38.2
apt – 2.7.14
cups – 2.4.7
We used the following ISO for the installation process – Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat): https://releases.ubuntu.com/noble/ubuntu-24.04-desktop-amd64.iso
It is a LIVE image so you can try it before installing it. The easiest way is just to download the image and burn it to a DVD disk or make a bootable USB flash drive with the Linux dd tool and then follow the installation below.
The USB drive, which will be overwritten by the dd command is /dev/sdb – all data on this device will be lost! Check carefully, which device is the plugged removable USB device, which should host the live Ubuntu Desktop 24.04 LTS installation image.
It’s worth noting this installation procedure is a little bit different than the last for Ubuntu 22.04. Follow the screenshots below to install Ubuntu Desktop 24.04 LTS:
SCREENSHOT 1) Boot from the UEFI USB flash drive to install the Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.
This article will show the simple steps of installing a modern Linux Distribution like Fedora 39 KDE Plasma with KDE for the user graphical interface. First, it is offered the basic steps for installing the Operating system and then there are some screenshots of the installed system and its look and feel of it. Here is another article available with more screenshots of the installed and working Fedora 39 KDE Plasma – Review of freshly installed Fedora 39 KDE Plasma Desktop (KDE GUI). If the user is interested in Gnome as a graphical interface there are two articles on how to install Fedora 39 Workstation Edition, which comes with GNOME – Install Fedora Workstation 39 (Gnome GUI) and Review of freshly installed Fedora 39 Workstation (Gnome GUI).
This is the simplest setup. One hard disk device in the system is installed, which is detected as sda and the entire disk will be used for the installation of Fedora 39 KDE Plasma. All disk information in sda disk device will be permanently deleted by the installation wizard!
The Fedora 39 KDE Plasma Desktop comes with
Xorg X11 server – 1.20.14 and Xorg X11 server XWayland 23.2.2 is used by default
It is a LIVE image so you can try it before installing it. The easiest way is just to download the image and burn it to a DVD disk or to flush a USB drive with the ISO. Just use the Linux command dd and a USB flash drive. It’s worth mentioning the dd command will destroy all data on the USB drive and overwrite it with the Fedora KDE Live ISO, so be sure to use a UBS Flash, which data is not important or with no data on it. The dd command uses the ISO as input and the output is the USB drive in Linux device form as /dev/sd?. For the following dd command, the USB drive is /dev/sdd
SCREENSHOT 1) Boot from the UEFI USB Drive Kingston device.
It is the same as the USB CD/DVD-ROM bootable removable drive. Choose the UEFI USB CD/DVD drive and boot the installation live drive. UEFI BIOS DVD-ROM boot Keep on reading!
This article will show the simple steps of installing a modern Linux Distribution – Fedora 38 Xfce Desktop with Xfce for the graphical user interface – one of the alternatives, which tries to break the domination of GNOME and partly KDE Plasma. First, it is offered the basic steps for installing the Operating system and then there are some screenshots of the installed system and its look and feel. Here is another article available with more screenshots of the installed and working Fedora 38 Xfce Desktop – Review of freshly installed Fedora 38 Xfce Desktop.
Xfce offers a fast, easy, and lightweight graphical environment for Linux systems and Fedora teams bring it out-of-the-box with their spins projects – Fedora Xfce Spin
This is the simplest setup. One hard disk device in the system is installed, which is detected as sda and the entire disk will be used for the installation of Fedora 38 Xfce Desktop. All disk information in sda disk device will be permanently deleted by the installation wizard!
The Fedora 38 Xfce Desktop comes with:
linux kernel – 6.2.9
Xorg X11 server – 1.20.14 and Xorg X11 server XWayland 22.1.9 is used by default
We used the following ISO for the installation process: https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/38/Spins/x86_64/iso/Fedora-Xfce-Live-x86_64-38-1.6.iso
The ISO may be burnt on a disk or written on a USB stick. Just boot up from it.
The simplest way to make a bootable USB drive is to just use the Linux command dd. First, download the ISO file above and then plug the USB drive into the computer and find out the device name, it should be something of /dev/sda or /dev/sdb or /dev/sdc (execute the dmesg command in the console and check the last lines for the USB drive detection and its device name like /dev/sd?). After knowing the USB device name issue the dd command to overwrite it with the ISO. Note, all data will be lost if you use the following command with the device name mentioned in the command line.
The USB flash drive should have at least 4G space. Using the dd command will overwrite the data on the USB drive without warning or confirmation!
The user can check what device name the just-plugged USB Drive has with dmesg console command:
myuser@mydesktop ~ # dmesg|tail -n 20
[1111445.079524] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[1111445.079526] usb 3-2: Product: IS888 USB3.0 to SATA bridge
[1111445.079528] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Innostor Technology
[1111445.079529] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 088810000000
[1111445.083169] usb-storage 3-2:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[1111445.083301] scsi host6: usb-storage 3-2:1.0
[1111446.092244] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access KINGSTON SNV425S2128GB PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
[1111446.093165] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[1111446.093586] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] 250069680 512-byte logical blocks: (128 GB/119 GiB)
[1111446.093883] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
[1111446.093886] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
[1111446.094489] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
[1111446.094497] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
[1111446.100093] GPT:Primary header thinks Alt. header is not at the end of the disk.
[1111446.100102] GPT:1402999 != 250069679
[1111446.100104] GPT:Alternate GPT header not at the end of the disk.
[1111446.100105] GPT:1402999 != 250069679
[1111446.100106] GPT: Use GNU Parted to correct GPT errors.
[1111446.100148] sdd: sdd1 sdd2 sdd3
[1111446.100623] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI disk
The just-plugged USB drive is attached to the system with the device name /dev/sdd.
SCREENSHOT 1) Boot from the UEFI USB Kingston drive.
It is the same as the UEFI USB CD/DVD-ROM bootable device. Choose the UEFI USB drive and boot the installation live drive. UEFI BIOS USB boot Keep on reading!
This article will show the simple steps of installing a modern Linux Distribution like Fedora 38 KDE Plasma with KDE for the user graphical interface. First, it is offered the basic steps for installing the Operating system and then there are some screenshots of the installed system and its look and feel of it. Here is another article available with more screenshots of the installed and working Fedora 38 KDE Plasma – Review of freshly installed Fedora 38 KDE Plasma Desktop (KDE GUI). If the user is interested in Gnome as a graphical interface there are two articles on how to install Fedora 37 Workstation Edition, which comes with GNOME – Install Fedora Workstation 38 (Gnome GUI) and Review of freshly installed Fedora 38 Workstation (Gnome GUI).
This is the simplest setup. One hard disk device in the system is installed, which is detected as sda and the entire disk will be used for the installation of Fedora 38 KDE Plasma. All disk information in sda disk device will be permanently deleted by the installation wizard!
The Fedora 38 KDE Plasma Desktop comes with
Xorg X server – 22.1.9 XWayland is used by default
It is a LIVE image so you can try it before installing it. The easiest way is just to download the image and burn it to a DVD disk or to flush a USB drive with the ISO. Just use the Linux command dd and a USB flash drive. It’s worth mentioning the dd command will destroy all data on the USB drive and overwrite it with the Fedora KDE Live ISO, so be sure to use a UBS Flash, which data is not important or with no data on it. The dd command uses the ISO as input and the output is the USB drive in Linux device form as /dev/sd?. For the following dd command, the USB drive is /dev/sdd
SCREENSHOT 1) Boot from the UEFI USB Drive Kingston device.
It is the same as the USB CD/DVD-ROM bootable removable drive. Choose the UEFI USB CD/DVD drive and boot the installation live drive. UEFI BIOS DVD-ROM boot Keep on reading!
install Elasticsearch and Kibana
Despite having only two additional installed software under CentOS 7 it is not a good idea to just try upgrading only CentOS 7 to CentOS Stream 9. There is no clear and supported path for upgrading from CentOS 7 to CentOS Stream 9 and even to the older one CentOS 8 (or CentOS Stream 8). The best way is to just make a clean install of CentOS Stream 9 and copy all the Elasticsearch and Kibana files and this article is how to do it without problems.
Here is the plan to move the existing installation of Elasticsearch and Kibana services from CentOS 7 to CentOS Stream 9:
Make a clean install of CentOS Stream 9
Update the current Elasticsearch and Kibana installations to their last versions (from their branch or minor versions).
Add Elasticsearch and Kibana repositories to the new system. Tune the system crypto policies.
Install Elasticsearch and Kibana software packages, but do not start the services.
Copy Elasticsearch and Kibana important files such as the index directory and the configuration directories. Check the user and group IDs of the files.
Start the Elasticsearch and Kibana services.
In this example, the installation of the new server is just starting a new LXC container, which will host the Elasticsearch and Kibana services. There is no difference between using a container or a physical machine. With LXC container it is easier to copy the needed files such as the Elasticsearch index files, which may be tens of terabytes or more, and various configuration files.
Creating a LXC container of CentOS Stream 9 is really simple and fast:
[root@srv ~]# lxc-create --template download -n kibana.u1x2.com -- --dist centos --release 9-Stream --arch amd64
The cached copy has expired, re-downloading...
Downloading the image index
Downloading the rootfs
Downloading the metadata
The image cache is now ready
Unpacking the rootfs
---
You just created a Centos 9-Stream x86_64 (20230511_19:27) container.
Then tune the network following the above article. It is a good idea when configuring the network to preserve the original UUIDs and network addresses (MAC address, too) of the LXC containers network and the inner container’s interface.
So copy the UUID from /var/lib/lxc/loganalyzer-old/rootfs/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 to the CentOS Stream 9 network configuration – /var/lib/lxc/loganalyzer/rootfs/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ethernet-eth0.nmconnection, which uses NetworkManager. And the LXC container’s MAC address: the variable lxc.net.0.hwaddr from /var/lib/lxc/loganalyzer/config to /var/lib/lxc/loganalyzer/config.
The last step is to run the newly installed system. No errors in the output signals for a successful start-up of the LXC container with the name loganalyzer.
STEP 2) Upgrade the current Elasticsearch and Kibana installations to their last versions (from their branch or minor versions).
For example, if the current Elasticsearch is version 7. It is good to upgrade it to the latest version from 7.x before proceeding with the next steps.
The current installed versions of Elasticsearch and Kibana software are from the branch 7 – 7.17.4-1 and the latest version is 7.17.10-1.
Check in the old system with (CentOS 7):
This article will show the simple steps of installing a modern Linux Distribution – Fedora 37 Xfce Desktop with Xfce for the graphical user interface – one of the alternatives, which tries to break the domination of GNOME and partly KDE Plasma. First, it is offered the basic steps for installing the Operating system and then there are some screenshots of the installed system and its look and feel. Here is another article available with more screenshots of the installed and working Fedora 37 Xfce Desktop – Review of freshly installed Fedora 37 Xfce Desktop.
Xfce offers a fast, easy and lightweight graphical environment for Linux systems and Fedora teams bring it out-of-the-box with their spins projects – Fedora Xfce Spin
This is the simplest setup. One hard disk device in the system is installed, which is detected as sda and the entire disk will be used for the installation of Fedora 37 Xfce Desktop. All disk information in sda disk device will be permanently deleted by the installation wizard!
The Fedora 36 Xfce Desktop comes with:
linux kernel – 6.0.7
Xorg X11 server – 1.20.14 and Xorg X11 server XWayland 22.1.5 is used by default
We used the following ISO for the installation process: https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/37/Spins/x86_64/iso/Fedora-Xfce-Live-x86_64-37-1.7.iso
The ISO may be burnt on a disk or written on a USB stick. Just boot up from it.
SCREENSHOT 1) Boot from the UEFI DVD-ROM device.
It is the same as the USB bootable removable drive. Choose the UEFI USB drive and boot the installation live drive. UEFI BIOS DVD-ROM boot Keep on reading!
This article will show the simple steps of installing a modern Linux Distribution like Fedora 37 KDE Plasma with KDE for the user graphical interface. First, it is offered the basic steps for installing the Operating system and then there are some screenshots of the installed system and its look and feel of it. Here is another article available with more screenshots of the installed and working Fedora 37 KDE Plasma – Review of freshly installed Fedora 37 KDE Plasma Desktop (KDE GUI). If the user is interested in Gnome as a graphical interface there are two articles on how to install Fedora 37 Workstation Edition, which comes with GNOME and the look and feel of the GNOME – Install Fedora Workstation 37 (Gnome GUI) and Review of freshly installed Fedora 37 Workstation (Gnome GUI)
This is the simplest setup. One hard disk device in the system is installed, which is detected as sda and the entire disk will be used for the installation of Fedora 37 KDE Plasma. All disk information in sda disk device will be permanently deleted by the installation wizard!
The Fedora 37 KDE Plasma Desktop comes with
Xorg X server – 22.1.5 XWayland is used by default
It is a LIVE image so you can try it before installing it. The easiest way is just to download the image and burn it to a DVD disk and then follow the installation below:
SCREENSHOT 1) Boot from the UEFI DVD-ROM device.
It is the same as the USB bootable removable drive. Choose the UEFI USB drive and boot the installation live drive. UEFI BIOS DVD-ROM boot Keep on reading!
This article will show the simple steps of installing a modern Linux Distribution like Fedora 37 Workstation Edition with Gnome for the graphical user interface. First, it is offered the basic steps for installing the Operating system and then there are some screenshots of the installed system and its look and feel. Soon another article will show more screenshots of the installed and working Fedora 37 (Gnome and KDE plasma) – so the user may decide which of them to try first.
This is the most straightforward setup. One hard disk device in the system is installed, which is detected as sda and the entire disk will be used for the installation of Fedora Workstation 37. All disk information in sda disk device will be permanently deleted by the installation wizard!
The Fedora 37 Workstation comes with
Xorg X11 server – 1.20.14 and Xorg X11 server XWayland 22.1.5 is used by default
It is the same with the USB bootable removable drive. Choose the UEFI USB drive and boot the installation live drive. UEFI BIOS DVD-ROM boot Keep on reading!
More technical details are available for the server installation, which is not different from the workstation but the GUI (Gnome) installed – Software and technical details of CentOS Stream 9 minimal install. The later article may be of interest to developers, too. The CentOS Stream 9 Workstation install may install all of the listed software for CentOS Stream 9 Server.
The idea of this tutorial is just to see what to expect from CentOS Stream 9 Workstation (Gnome) – the look and feel of the GUI, the default installed programs and their look and how to do some basic steps with them. Here the reader finds more than 125 screenshots and not so many text the main idea is not to distract the user with much text and version information and 3 meaningless screenshot, which the reader cannot see anything for the user interface, but these days the user interface is the primary goal of a Desktop system. More reviews of the kind will follow in the future …
CentOS is a pretty stable Linux Distribution System, which follows the paid Red Hat enterprise RHEL 9. And if the user really just wants a stable OS with a GUI for the next let’s say 5-10 years with support and fast security updates the CentOS Stream 9 might be perfect for it! Developing on this platform should be easy, too, because it supports all kind of virtualization and despite it may not include the bleeding edge libraries and software, it is easy enough to install latest software in a full or para virtualization or a container!
For all installation and review articles real workstations are used, not virtual environments!
SCREENSHOT 1) Fedora Linux (5.14.0-119.el9.x86_64) 9
This is the latest CentOS version with a graphical interface Gnome for a workstation. If you are a developer or just a Linux user, which want to have a pretty stable Operating System, the CentOS Stream 9 may be an option for you. CentOS Stream 9 is based and follows the RedHat Enterprise Linux 9 – paid Linux for the enterprise world, which is available for free thanks to the Open-source Software. CentOS Stream 9 will receive all the updates from the paid Linux system RHEL 9 and the support will be 10 years from now. 5 years of full support and 5 more years of security updates. The use of CentOS Stream 9 assures the user to have a stable and secure Linux operating system, which will not bring fundamental changes and breaks things periodically as of a more enthusiastic Linux Distributions. More information for the system here – Software and technical details of CentOS Stream 9 minimal install and Software comparison Ubuntu server 22.04 LTS vs CentOS Stream 9 head-to-head
The CentOS Stream 9 has a generic installation wizard for multiple type of installations – server, server with gui, user workstation and so on. This article is to show what options to enable to install a user workstation with CentOS Stream 9 with a graphical interface – Gnome. Most of the people think CentOS as a server Linux Distribution, but in fact, it is ideal for a workstation, too, especially with the grade of stability and security these days.
This article uses network installation with the following media: http://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/iso/CentOS-Stream-9-latest-x86_64-boot.iso which always points to the latest release of the CentOS Stream 9. The network installation will choose automatically the best mirror to download the packages for the system. There is an option to use an off-line installation with an 8G ISO disk. Check out for more ISOs here – http://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/iso/
SCREENSHOT 1) Boot from the UEFI DVD-ROM device.
It is the same with the USB bootable removable drive. Choose the UEFI USB drive and boot the installation live drive. UEFI BIOS DVD-ROM boot Keep on reading!
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