This article is for those of you who do not want to install a whole new operating system only to discover some technical details about the default installation like disk layout, packages included, software versions, and so on. Here we are going to review in several sections what is like to have a default installation of Fedora 39 Server using a real not virtual machine!
The kernel is 6.2.15 it detects successfully the Threadripper 1950X AMD and the system is stable (we booted in UEFI mode).
The installation procedure uses default options for all installation setups – Minimal network installation of Fedora 39 Server.
Software
With Fedora Server 39 you can have
- linux kernel – 6.5.10-300 (6.5.10-300.fc39.x86_64)
- System
- linux-firmware – version: 20231030, release: 20231030-1.fc39.
- libc – 2.38 (2.38-10.fc39)
- GNU GCC – 13.2.1 (13.2.1-4.fc39)
- OpenSSL – 3.1.1 (3.1.1-4.fc39) and 1.1.1q (1.1.1q-5.fc39)
- coreutils – 9.3 (9.3-4.fc39)
- yum – Depricated and replaced with dnf
- dnf – 4.18.0 (4.18.0-2.fc39). The dnf5 is available, too (5.1.5-1.fc39)
- rsyslog – 8.2310.0 (8.2310.0-1.fc39)
- NetworkManager – 1.44.2 (1.44.2-1.fc39)
- Servers
- Apache – 2.4.58 (2.4.58-1.fc39)
- Nginx – 1.24.0 (1.24.0-4.fc39)
- MySQL server – 8.0.34 (8.0.34-2.fc39)
- MariaDB server – 10.5.22 (10.5.22-1.fc39)
- PostgreSQL – 15.4 (15.4-1.fc39)
- Programming
- PHP – 8.2.12 (8.2.12-1.fc39)
- python – The default is 3.12.0 (3.12.0-1.fc39) and many more available – 3.13.0 (3.13.0~a1-1.fc39), 3.11.6 (3.11.6-1.fc39), 3.10.13 (3.10.13-1.fc39), 3.9.18 (3.9.18-1.fc39), 3.8.18 (3.8.18-1.fc39), 3.7.17 (3.7.17-3.fc39), 3.6.15 (3.6.15-20.fc39) and also includes the older 2.7.18 (2.7.18-35.fc39)
- perl – 5.38.0 (5.38.0-501.fc39)
- ruby – 3.2.2 (3.2.2-181.fc39)
- OpenJDK – the latest 21 – 21.0.0.0.35 (21.0.0.0.35-1.rolling.fc39) and also includes 17.0.8.0.7 (17.0.8.0.7-1.fc39), 11.0.20.0.8 (11.0.20.0.8-1.fc39) and 1.8.0.382.b05 (1.8.0.382.b05-2.fc39)
- Go – 1.21.3 (1.21.3-1.fc39)
- Rust – 1.73.0-1.fc39 (1.73.0-1.fc39)
- llvm – the latest 17.0.3 (17.0.3-1.fc39), 16.0.6 (16.0.6-5.fc39), 15.0.7 (15.0.7-4.fc39), 14.0.5 (14.0.5-6.fc39), 13.0.1 (13.0.1-5.fc39), 12.0.1 (12.0.1-9.fc39), 11.1.0 (11.1.0-11.fc39), 8.0.1 (8.0.1-5.fc39) and 7.0.1 (7.0.1-7.fc39.8)
- Subversion – 1.14.2 (1.14.2-20.fc39)
- Git – 2.41.0 (2.41.0-2.fc39)
Note: Not all of the above software comes installed by default. The versions above are valid as of November 2023, these are the minimum versions you get with Fedora Server 39 now, and updating it after the initial date may update some of the above packages with newer versions.
Installed packages are 682 occupying 1.7G space:. Note, this is Fedora Server Install, not minimal install. The server install includes the web console – cockpit version 254.
root@srv:~# dnf list installed|wc -l 682 root@srv:~# df -h / Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/fedora-root 15G 1.7G 14G 12% /
Security
- Access control security policies – Selinux in Enforcing mode.
root@srv:~# getenforce Enforcing
- Network firewall – Firewalld
root@srv:~# firewall-cmd --list-all FedoraServer (default, active) target: default ingress-priority: 0 egress-priority: 0 icmp-block-inversion: no interfaces: enp5s0 sources: services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh ports: protocols: forward: yes masquerade: no forward-ports: source-ports: icmp-blocks: rich rules:
Storage
Default installation on a single disk, which has only free space on your disk or you reclaimed all the occupied space during installation. Install Fedora Server 39 needs at least 1.7G of free space for the default installation, so if you select a destination disk, which has less than ~3G of space you should delete existing partitions to free up space or let Fedora Server 39 installer to do default installation asking you to reclaim the disk space. We used the whole disk for the installation.
By default Fedora Server 39 uses.
- xfs – file system
- lvm – root partition
- efi, boot, root are on separate partitions
- vfat – efi partition.
- zram – loop device, which is a RAM drive that uses compression (lzo-rle compression algorithm)
root@srv:~# zramctl NAME ALGORITHM DISKSIZE DATA COMPR TOTAL STREAMS MOUNTPOINT /dev/zram0 lzo-rle 8G 4K 80B 12K 32 [SWAP]
Fedora Server 39 installation:
-
Disk layout
root@srv:~# parted /dev/sda -s print Model: ATA KINGSTON SNV425S (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 128GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 630MB 629MB fat32 EFI System Partition boot, esp 2 630MB 1704MB 1074MB xfs 3 1704MB 128GB 126GB lvm
- Mounted Partitions
root@srv:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/fedora-root 15G 1.7G 14G 12% / devtmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /dev tmpfs 24G 0 24G 0% /dev/shm efivarfs 128K 54K 70K 44% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars tmpfs 9.4G 1.9M 9.4G 1% /run tmpfs 24G 0 24G 0% /tmp /dev/sda2 960M 225M 736M 24% /boot /dev/sda1 599M 7.1M 592M 2% /boot/efi tmpfs 4.7G 4.0K 4.7G 1% /run/user/1000
Partitions in configuration:
root@srv:~# cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Wed Nov 8 11:36:45 2023 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'. # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info. # # After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd # units generated from this file. # UUID=c4ae9ae1-8ee2-4ac7-adc0-ac73cabe22b1 / xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=9c2c5851-61fe-4599-ac88-aa166d23956d /boot xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=2C94-B492 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 2
- File system layout
root@srv:~# ls -al / total 20 dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 235 Nov 8 11:37 . dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 235 Nov 8 11:37 .. dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 21 00:00 afs lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Jul 21 00:00 bin -> usr/bin dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Nov 8 11:41 boot drwxr-xr-x. 21 root root 4380 Nov 8 18:43 dev drwxr-xr-x. 108 root root 8192 Nov 8 11:45 etc drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 20 Nov 8 11:41 home lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Jul 21 00:00 lib -> usr/lib lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Jul 21 00:00 lib64 -> usr/lib64 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 21 00:00 media drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 21 00:00 mnt drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 21 00:00 opt dr-xr-xr-x. 508 root root 0 Nov 8 18:43 proc dr-xr-x---. 4 root root 162 Nov 9 08:35 root drwxr-xr-x. 37 root root 1080 Nov 8 19:28 run lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 Jul 21 00:00 sbin -> usr/sbin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 21 00:00 srv dr-xr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 Nov 8 18:43 sys drwxrwxrwt. 15 root root 300 Nov 9 07:45 tmp drwxr-xr-x. 12 root root 144 Nov 8 11:37 usr drwxr-xr-x. 20 root root 4096 Nov 8 11:45 var
- LVM configuration
root@srv:~# lvmdiskscan -l WARNING: only considering LVM devices /dev/sda3 [ <117.66 GiB] LVM physical volume 0 LVM physical volume whole disks 1 LVM physical volume root@srv:~# pvscan PV /dev/sda3 VG fedora lvm2 [117.65 GiB / 102.65 GiB free] Total: 1 [117.65 GiB] / in use: 1 [117.65 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ] root@srv:~# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda3 fedora lvm2 a-- 117.65g 102.65g root@srv:~# pvdisplay -m --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda3 VG Name fedora PV Size <117.66 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 30119 Free PE 26279 Allocated PE 3840 PV UUID MBW5rE-C85W-mdlS-NO9R-YDdl-YdSQ-c15CbQ --- Physical Segments --- Physical extent 0 to 3839: Logical volume /dev/fedora/root Logical extents 0 to 3839 Physical extent 3840 to 30118: FREE root@srv:~# vgs -o +devices,lv_path VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree Devices Path fedora 1 1 0 wz--n- 117.65g 102.65g /dev/sda3(0) /dev/fedora/root root@srv:~# vgdisplay -v --- Volume group --- VG Name fedora System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 2 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 117.65 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 30119 Alloc PE / Size 3840 / 15.00 GiB Free PE / Size 26279 / 102.65 GiB VG UUID y8rFui-1HvU-Dtqv-qB4D-Vbzc-1sHy-lTc4zt --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/fedora/root LV Name root VG Name fedora LV UUID jgWG8V-QzfJ-VYgb-86EW-a8um-jY0s-s9fYwG LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time srv, 2023-11-08 11:36:39 +0000 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 15.00 GiB Current LE 3840 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 --- Physical volumes --- PV Name /dev/sda3 PV UUID MBW5rE-C85W-mdlS-NO9R-YDdl-YdSQ-c15CbQ PV Status allocatable Total PE / Free PE 30119 / 26279 root@srv:~# lvs --segments LV VG Attr #Str Type SSize root fedora -wi-ao---- 1 linear 15.00g root@srv:~# lvdisplay -m --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/fedora/root LV Name root VG Name fedora LV UUID jgWG8V-QzfJ-VYgb-86EW-a8um-jY0s-s9fYwG LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time srv, 2023-11-08 11:36:39 +0000 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 15.00 GiB Current LE 3840 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 --- Segments --- Logical extents 0 to 3839: Type linear Physical volume /dev/sda3 Physical extents 0 to 3839