CentOS 8 | Any IT here? Help Me!

Installing single node Elasticsearch 7.16 and Kibana 7.16 behind nginx web server under CentOS 8

This article will show how to install two big software – Elasticsearch to store information and Kibana to visualize the information under CentOS 8. Elasticsearch is ideal to store big data such as logs from user activities or server logs – one central repository for data, which is structured properly and it could be easily accessed and manipulated with various software.
Kibana is used mainly for visualizing the data stored in the Elasticseach server and manage the Elasticsearch service by the web. ste

Here is a simple example: send the web servers logs in Elasticsearch and visual statistical data with Kibana.

Using the rpm repository for the two software is the best option for installation and in future upgrades.

STEP 1) Install the CentOS 8.

How to install CentOS 8 could be found here – How to do a network installation of CentOS 8 (8.0.1950) – minimal server installation.
Or if a container approach is needed, there is a how to with LXC container – Run LXC CentOS 8 container with bridged network under CentOS 8.

STEP 2) Install the Elasticsearch.

This installation and configuration is for single node server setup.
First, create a rpm repository file /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo and fill it with the Elasticsearch repository information:

[elasticsearch]
name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/yum
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
autorefresh=1
type=rpm-md

Then import the Elasticsearch GPG key and install the Elasticsearch software:

[root@loganalyzer ~]# rpm --import https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
[root@loganalyzer ~]# dnf install elasticsearch
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:19 ago on 11.12.2021 (Sat) 12:43:24 UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
==========================================================================================================================================
 Package            Architecture             Version                     Repository                                Size
==========================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 elasticsearch      x86_64                   7.16.0-1                    elasticsearch                             327 M

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 327 M
Installed size: 526 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
elasticsearch-7.16.0-x86_64.rpm                                                                                 43 MB/s | 327 MB     00:07    
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                           43 MB/s | 327 MB     00:07     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                     1/1 
  Running scriptlet: elasticsearch-7.16.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                       1/1 
Creating elasticsearch group... OK
Creating elasticsearch user... OK

  Installing       : elasticsearch-7.16.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                       1/1 
  Running scriptlet: elasticsearch-7.16.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                       1/1 
### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure elasticsearch service to start automatically using systemd
 sudo systemctl daemon-reload
 sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
### You can start elasticsearch service by executing
 sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service

Created elasticsearch keystore in /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.keystore

[/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/elasticsearch.conf:1] Line references path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/elasticsearch → /run/elasticsearch; please update the tmpfiles.d/ drop-in file accordingly.

  Verifying        : elasticsearch-7.16.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                       1/1 

Installed:
  elasticsearch-7.16.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                              

Complete!

The configuration files are placed in /etc/elasticsearch/:
Keep on reading!

Run LXC CentOS 8 container with bridged network under CentOS 8

The LXC container software comes to CentOS 8 with the EPEL 8 repository. LXC is a multiprocesses container, which offers to boot a Linux distribution under container isolation. It is very similar to systemd-nspawn and a bit different from docker containers. LXC containers are used when multiple processes are needed under one container only. In most cases, the LXC container is a fully-featured Linux distribution (systemd or SysV, i.e. init) booted under a Linux container.
There are several major differences between docker/podman containers and LXC:

Multiprocesses.
Easy configuration modification. Even hot-plugin supported.
Unprivileged Linux containers.
Complex network setups. Multiple network interfaces connected to different networks, for example.
Live systemd, i.e. systemd or SysV init are booted as usual. Much of the software rellies on systemd/udev features and in many cases, it is really hard to run a software without a systemd or init process

Here are the steps to boot a CentOS 8 container under CentOS 8 host server:

STEP 1) Install EPEL repository.

EPEL CentOS 8 repository now includes LXC 3.0 software.

dnf install -y epel-release

STEP 2) Install LXC software and start LXC service.

At present, the LXC software version is 3.0.4. The package lxc-templates includes template scripts to create a Linux distribution environment like CentOS, Ubuntu, Debian, Gentoo, ArchLinux, Oracle, Alpine, and many others and it also includes the configuration templates to start these Linux distributions.

dnf install -y lxc lxc-templates
dnf install -y wget tar

The wget and tar are required if LXC templates installation is going to be performed.

STEP 3) Create a CentOS 8 container with the help of LXC templates and run it.

Use the lxc-templates to prepare a CentOS 8 container environment. The currently available containers are listed here http://images.linuxcontainers.org/. Check out the URL and choose the right container. Here the CentOS 8 amd64 is used.

lxc-create --template download -n mycontainer -- --dist centos --release 8 --arch amd64 --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com

Keep on reading!

Replace current interface configuration with a bridge device using nmcli (NetworkManager)

This article shows how the primary network interface could be replaced by a bridge device and the network interface becomes a part of the bridge as a slave device without reboot or restart of the server. Using nmcli under CentOS 8 (and probably any other Linux distribution like Ubuntu, which uses NetworkManager to configure network devices).
The main steps are:

Create a connection profile of a bridge device.
Set the same network configuration as the primary network to the bridge device.
Create a connection profile for the primary interface device as a slave network device to the newly created bridge.
Delete the current primary connection, which is using the primary network device and configuration.
Reload the bridge connection profile to take effect. The bridge device will actually begin to work.

The main goal is not to reboot the server or lose the connection to the server. The primary network interface is the only connection on the server and losing it the server is going to be unreachable. So the last two steps should be performed in the background or a script or a detached terminal (like screen).
Here are all the commands in one place:

nmcli connection add type bridge ifname br0 con-name br0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses "192.168.0.20/24" ipv4.gateway "192.168.0.1" ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8 1.1.1.1"
nmcli con add type bridge-slave ifname enp0s3 master br0
nmcli con del "enp0s3"; nmcli con reload "br0" &

Here is the detailed information for the above commands:
Keep on reading!

Caching NFS files with cachefilesd

A great tool for caching a network filesystem like NFS mounts is cachefilesd! It is easy to use it and a good deal of stats can be retrieved from the tool. More on how it works here https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/caching/fscache.txt

Here are quick steps to cache an NFS mounts (it works with NFS-Ganesha servers, too):

Install the daemon tool cachefilesd
Check the configuration file /etc/cachefilesd.conf. In most cases, no need to edit the file! Just check the disk limits if they are good.
Start the cachefilesd daemon.
Mount the network directories with “fsc” option. Umount and mount them all if they’ve been already mounted. The fsc is mandatory option to enable file cacheing of a network mount.
Check stats to see if the file cching is working properly.

The example below is under CentOS 8, but it is almost the same in most Linux distributions.

STEP 1) Install the daemon tool cachefilesd

This is straight forward, just install it with the package manager:

[root@srv ~]# dnf install cachefilesd
Last metadata expiration check: 2:33:44 ago on Tue 08 Dec 2020 07:18:01 AM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                        Architecture                              Version                                            Repository                                 Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 cachefilesd                                    x86_64                                    0.10.10-4.el8                                      BaseOS                                     43 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 43 k
Installed size: 71 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
cachefilesd-0.10.10-4.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                         3.1 MB/s |  43 kB     00:00    
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                                                        2.8 MB/s |  43 kB     00:00     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                                                                                                     1/1 
  Installing       : cachefilesd-0.10.10-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                    1/1 
  Running scriptlet: cachefilesd-0.10.10-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                    1/1 
  Verifying        : cachefilesd-0.10.10-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                    1/1 

Installed:
  cachefilesd-0.10.10-4.el8.x86_64                                                                                                                                                           

Complete!

STEP 2) Check the configuration file and tune for your system.

In most cases, the defaults in /etc/cachefilesd.conf are good to start with:

dir /var/cache/fscache
tag mycache
brun 10%
bcull 7%
bstop 3%
frun 10%
fcull 7%
fstop 3%

# Assuming you're using SELinux with the default security policy included in
# this package
secctx system_u:system_r:cachefiles_kernel_t:s0

The directory where the cache will reside and the lines with the percentages are for disk space limitation. “brun 10%” means cache can runs freely till the disk space drops below 10%. “bcull 7%” – culling the cache when the free space drops below “7%” and more in the man page (or https://linux.die.net/man/5/cachefilesd.conf).
So if one maintains disk free space below 10% the configuration file should be edited.

STEP 3) Start the cachefilesd daemon.

And enable on boot to start automatically.

[root@srv ~]# systemctl start cachefilesd
[root@srv ~]# systemctl enable cachefilesd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cachefilesd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/cachefilesd.service.
[root@srv ~]# systemctl status cachefilesd
● cachefilesd.service - Local network file caching management daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/cachefilesd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-12-08 10:01:24 UTC; 11s ago
 Main PID: 29786 (cachefilesd)
    Tasks: 1 (limit: 408616)
   Memory: 2.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/cachefilesd.service
           └─29786 /usr/sbin/cachefilesd -n -f /etc/cachefilesd.conf

Dec 08 10:01:24 srv systemd[1]: Starting Local network file caching management daemon...
Dec 08 10:01:24 srv systemd[1]: Started Local network file caching management daemon.
Dec 08 10:01:24 srv cachefilesd[29786]: About to bind cache
Dec 08 10:01:24 srv cachefilesd[29786]: Bound cache
Dec 08 10:01:24 srv cachefilesd[29786]: Daemon Started

The status command shows the daemon cachefilesd is running. But does it cache?

STEP 4) Mount the network filesystems with option fsc

To make cachefilesd cache a network mount the option fsc must be included in the mount options. Remount may not work correctly, so to be sure a full umount/mount should be executed. Here is an example /etc/fstab file:

192.168.0.1:/mnt/storage /mnt/storage  nfs defaults,hard,intr,noexec,nosuid,_netdev,fsc,vers=4 0 0

And then mount with simple command:

mount /mnt/storage

Check whether the mounts if the FS cache is used. FSC must be “yes”.

[root@srv ~]# cat /proc/fs/nfsfs/volumes
NV SERVER   PORT DEV          FSID                              FSC
v4 c0a80001  801 0:41         d4098a2af096148:ec7560388cbe5b83  yes

There is a proc file for cache statistics:

[root@srv ~]# cat /proc/fs/fscache/stats
FS-Cache statistics
Cookies: idx=49 dat=4385599 spc=0
Objects: alc=43666 nal=0 avl=43666 ded=36002
ChkAux : non=0 ok=12289 upd=0 obs=761
Pages  : mrk=24915179 unc=24492585
Acquire: n=4385648 nul=0 noc=0 ok=4385648 nbf=0 oom=0
Lookups: n=43666 neg=31372 pos=12294 crt=31372 tmo=0
Invals : n=1 run=1
Updates: n=0 nul=0 run=1
Relinqs: n=4377930 nul=0 wcr=0 rtr=0
AttrChg: n=0 ok=0 nbf=0 oom=0 run=0
Allocs : n=0 ok=0 wt=0 nbf=0 int=0
Allocs : ops=0 owt=0 abt=0
Retrvls: n=751549 ok=716860 wt=21436 nod=34689 nbf=0 int=0 oom=0
Retrvls: ops=751549 owt=9158 abt=0
Stores : n=550412 ok=550412 agn=0 nbf=0 oom=0
Stores : ops=33238 run=583650 pgs=550412 rxd=550412 olm=0
VmScan : nos=23963352 gon=0 bsy=0 can=0 wt=0
Ops    : pend=9160 run=784788 enq=26874960 can=0 rej=0
Ops    : ini=1301962 dfr=265 rel=1301962 gc=265
CacheOp: alo=0 luo=0 luc=0 gro=0
CacheOp: inv=0 upo=0 dro=0 pto=0 atc=0 syn=0
CacheOp: rap=0 ras=0 alp=0 als=0 wrp=0 ucp=0 dsp=0
CacheEv: nsp=761 stl=0 rtr=0 cul=0

And here is the cache directory filled with files. If there are no files, the FS cache is not used, probably the mount is not mounted with FSC! Umount and mount the mounts again.

[root@srv ~]# find /var/cache/fscache|head -n 20
/var/cache/fscache
/var/cache/fscache/graveyard
/var/cache/fscache/cache
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XMW1n8cXgyl60
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XZG2n84qfxl60
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XQM2n8IQ4El60
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XZO2n8Ms7kl60
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XvQ2n88dKgl60
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XV40o8cREC6b0
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7X3Y1n8MHO_l60
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7Xhkwn80f23zb0
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XEQ2n8IuAll60
/var/cache/fscache/cache/@4a/I03nfs/@84/Jc0010800840000cG0400/@68/J1100000000000Q0goaWH946iIn7oUMELrd80000000040000g00Kb000wFe000jt000oG3000000040000g000000000/@8b/EA0g00sg0200n8000000ixBMHyy9gdcUm_O8ewl7XoO2n8A7Bll60
[root@srv ~]# du -d 1 -h /var/cache/fscache
4.0K    /var/cache/fscache/graveyard
3.8G    /var/cache/fscache/cache
3.8G    /var/cache/fscache

There are 3.8G in the cache.

libelf was not found in the pkg-config search path

Building from source under CentOS the user may stumble on some compilation errors and most of them are for missing -devel packages. Here is such example with not so easy to find the name of a missing library:

[/tmp/netdata-libbpf-El77Ld/libbpf-0.0.9_netdata-1/src]# env CFLAGS=-fPIC CXXFLAGS= LDFLAGS= BUILD_STATIC_ONLY=y OBJDIR=build DESTDIR=.. make install 
Package libelf was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libelf.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libelf' found
mkdir -p build/staticobjs
cc -I. -I../include -I../include/uapi -DCOMPAT_NEED_REALLOCARRAY -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64   -c bpf.c -o build/staticobjs/bpf.o
cc -I. -I../include -I../include/uapi -DCOMPAT_NEED_REALLOCARRAY -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64   -c btf.c -o build/staticobjs/btf.o
btf.c:17:18: fatal error: gelf.h: No such file or directory
 #include <gelf.h>
                  ^
compilation terminated.
make: *** [build/staticobjs/btf.o] Error 1
 FAILED

The missing development library file is with the name: elfutils-libelf-devel. Installing the package with yum or dnf will resolve the above error:

yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel

Or for CentOS 8 and newer Fedora versions:

dnf install -y elfutils-libelf-devel

removing the default kernel in CentOS 8 – remove elrepo kernel

Removing the default kernel aka the loaded kernel in CentOS 8 maybe challenging because the package is protected and cannot be removed by the yum or dnf.
Here is the case: an elrepo kernel-ml loaded and the dnf prints it cannot remove the package, because it is protected:

[root@srv ~]# dnf remove kernel-ml kernel-ml-core kernel-ml-modules
Error: 
 Problem: The operation would result in removing the following protected packages: kernel-ml-core
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)
[root@srv ~]# uname -a
Linux srv.localhost 5.10.4-1.el8.elrepo.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Dec 29 11:04:23 EST 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@srv ~]# grubby --default-kernel
/boot/vmlinuz-5.10.4-1.el8.elrepo.x86_64

The system is booted up with the kernel we are trying to remove, which is impossible.

The solution is to set a new default kernel and load it. Then dnf will be able to remove the first kernel.

For CentOS 7, just use the yum instead of dnf command.
Using grubby is really easy and straightforward:

STEP 1) List all installed and available to boot kernels

[root@srv ~]# grubby --info=ALL |grep ^kernel
kernel="/boot/vmlinuz-5.10.4-1.el8.elrepo.x86_64"
kernel="/boot/vmlinuz-4.18.0-259.el8.x86_64"
kernel="/boot/vmlinuz-4.18.0-257.el8.x86_64"
kernel="/boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-45e12f0814fd4947b99cbdcb88950361"

STEP 2) Select the kernel to load the next time

[root@srv ~]# grubby --set-default "/boot/vmlinuz-4.18.0-259.el8.x86_64"
The default is /boot/loader/entries/45e12f0814fd4947b99cbdcb88950361-4.18.0-259.el8.x86_64.conf with index 1 and kernel /boot/vmlinuz-4.18.0-259.el8.x86_64

Keep on reading!

Booting network installation from ipxe disk using IPMI KVM

There is a project for extended PXE Boot features https://ipxe.org/. This article is not for describing what this project may offer, but to show how to boot any Linux distribution (in fact, Windows 10, too) network installation wizard using the virtual CD/DVD of an IPMI KVM, DELL’s DRAC, HP iLO, IBM RSA/IMM and in general, KVM over IP.
Using the iPXE CD bootable disk mounted in the virtual CD/DVD of the server’s remote console (IPMI KVM and so on) will allow:

Booting from a CD/DVD with only a 1M size.
Extends the PXE features of the server’s network card.
Manual set IP address, i.e. not relying on DHCP server. In addition of the DHCP feature, but DHCP feature requires DHCP server, which is not always the case.
Load a Linux kernel and initramfs from a URL.
Boot a Linux live or installation CD/DVD from an URL. The server could load the instllation wizard from an official mirror in the Internet.
Manual install – boot from 1M CD and continue with multi gigabyte installation from an URL. For comparision the CentOS 8 network installation disk is more than 600M versus 1M iPXE CD disk. Booting directly from a 600M CentOS 8 network installation disk is unstable and really slow when the disk is mounted in user’s KVM. And not alwyas is possible to mount a disk next to the server location (or in the same co-location).
Automated install – simple unattended installation with kickstart files without the need of speacial features of the dedicated service provider.
No software installation or code writting needed.

This article uses the iPXE CD to boot and manually set an IP and then load the Linux kernel and initramfs of the CentOS 8 installation disk using an official URL mirror on the Internet. All types of server’s KVM, which supports CD/DVD virtual device, can be used.

Just 1 Mbytes of CD/DVD is required to boot an installation of a (connected to the Internet) server/machine.

Here are the steps and correct (all lines are tested) command lines to boot an installation wizard. The server is a SUPERMICRO server with IPMI KVM for remote management.
The iPXE ISO file is located here http://boot.ipxe.org/ipxe.iso

SCREENSHOT 1) Open the IPMI KVM and click on “Virtual Storage” menu to open the image mount dialog.

Keep on reading!

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CentOS 8 add a storage driver (megaraid_sas) when booting the installation disk

Installing CentOS 8 in relatively old hardware maybe a real challenge because of an old hardware device like storage, network, or both.
This article shows how to make the CentOS 8 Installation wizard detect the storage – a hardware controller AOC-USAS2LP-H8iR (smc2108 with LSI 2108). Unfortunately, the CentOS 8 (in fact, RHEL 8 removed the support, too) team decided to remove support for the LSI SAS2008/2108/2116 storage controllers by removing the “megaraid_sas” kernel driver. There are still servers in production with similar controllers, which were sold 4-5 years ago from the big vendors such as DELL, HP, and so on.

The method here is to boot the installation CD/USB with modified kernel boot parameters to include an URL link to the installation driver iso (where the megaraid_sas driver is included).

The offered way to load the megaraid_sas (or any other driver) includes:

Use assisted driver update to load an elrepo driver ISO during the first stage of the CentOS 8 Installation Wizard. elrepo is a famous community efford – http://elrepo.org/tiki/tiki-index.php. More on the assited diver update here – https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/performing_an_advanced_rhel_installation/updating-drivers-during-installation_installing-rhel-as-an-experienced-user#performing-an-assisted-driver-update_updating-drivers-during-installation
Configure the network of the server to be able to download the driver ISO in the early stage of the CentOS 8 Installation Wizard. Add boot parameters to set up a valid network configuration.

The installation CD/USB can download an iso with kernel drivers. And of course, to download a file from the Internet a network should be set in the earliest stage of the CentOS 8 installation wizard.
The added string to the boot CD/USB CentOS 8 Installation disk is:

 inst.dd=https://elrepo.org/linux/dud/el8/x86_64/dd-megaraid_sas-07.710.50.00-1.el8_2.elrepo.iso ip=10.10.10.10::10.10.10.1:255.255.255.0::enp8s0f0:off nameserver=8.8.8.8

SCREENSHOT 1) Select with the arrows “Install CentOS Linux 8” and hit “TAB” button to edit the boot parameters.

As shown in the picture just add ” inst.dd=https://elrepo.org/linux/dud/el8/x86_64/dd-megaraid_sas-07.710.50.00-1.el8_2.elrepo.iso ip=10.10.10.10::10.10.10.1:255.255.255.0::enp8s0f0:off nameserver=8.8.8.8″. The “inst.dd” instructs the installation wizard where are the driver ISO located. The “ip” and “nameserver” command just sets a proper network in the early stage of the CentOS 8 Installation wizard to be able to download the driver ISO. Setting the network by these parameters is really important, because the download of the driver iso happens in this early stage of loading the installation wizard. Replace the IP and the whole network configuration if needed.

Keep on reading!

Configure Bond (802.3ad LACP) device in CentOS 8 – configuration files

Upgrading to a bond device is a common step when the server exhausts its current network port bandwidth.
The hardware setup of the bond example here is:

two 10G network cards – ens1f0 and ens1f0
bond name – bond0
bond mode – 802.3ad – Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)

The systemd reconfiguration procedure consists of:

Stop the network target
```
systemctl stop network
```
Set several configuration files – network device files for the network interfaces, bonding interface – master and slave devices.
Start the network target
```
systemctl start network
```

*Note: the 802.3ad bonding mode needs aditional configuration in the switch of which the server is connected.

The example here is using CentOS 8 configuration file to make a permanent (i.e. persistent over reboots using the CentOS 8 network configuration files) bonding configuration.
Check out the official bonding documentation for all modes and options – https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt.

CONF 1) Configure the network interfaces.

The interface should be in down state in the configuration file.
Interface 1 – /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens1f0:

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens1f0
UUID=3b399a23-570e-45ed-9369-4ff5b87efb2c
DEVICE=ens1f0
ONBOOT=no

Interface 2 – /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens1f1:

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens1f1
UUID=ecdc5d5b-9739-4424-9d67-362411974281
DEVICE=ens1f1
ONBOOT=no

CONF 2) Configure bonding master device – create a bonding group bond0

This device should be started up at boot.
Bonding device 1 – with name bond0 – /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-Bond_connection_1:

BONDING_OPTS="downdelay=200 miimon=100 mode=802.3ad updelay=200"
TYPE=Bond
BONDING_MASTER=yes
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=10.10.10.10
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.10.10.1
DNS1=10.10.10.2
DNS2=10.10.10.3
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_PRIVACY=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME="Bond connection 1"
UUID=f0a35f9a-20e4-484e-850c-689128642555
DEVICE=bond0
ONBOOT=yes

BONDING_OPTS are specific options for the bonding group with name bond0 and the bonding mode is set here, too.

CONF 3) Configure bonding slave devices – the two network cards

Adding the two network cards to the bonding group bond0. These devices should be started up at boot.
Interface 1 – /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0_slave_1:

HWADDR=90:E2:BA:8A:13:8C
TYPE=Ethernet
NAME="bond0 slave 1"
UUID=c49e0ced-6411-41fa-9a3b-a01a430664a7
DEVICE=ens1f0
ONBOOT=yes
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes

Interface 2 – /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0_slave_2:

HWADDR=90:E2:BA:8A:13:8D
TYPE=Ethernet
NAME="bond0 slave 2"
UUID=90de1cad-1d9f-48cb-8e5a-7d8bfdde91d2
DEVICE=ens1f1
ONBOOT=yes
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes

Set up (802.3ad LACP) bonding when installing CentOS 8

This article is to show how the user could install CentOS 8 (the steps are the same with CentOS 7) with a much complex network setup such as Bonding device in 802.3ad mode (LACP – Link Aggregation Control Protocol).
The whole installation procedure is not included here, but there are couple of other article on the subject “Install CentOS 7 or CentOS 8”:

Similar configuration files will be generated as in Configure Bond (802.3ad LACP) device in CentOS 8 – configuration files

SCREENSHOT 1) Click on “Network and Host Name” to configure the machine networking.

Keep on reading!

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